Take the example of South Africa, where diseases such as HIV have wreaked havoc. Approximately 3,80,000 people in the eastern and northern parts of South Africa have been affected by HIV in 2007, making it the country with maximum number of HIV cases. Every year about 40,000 more people are infected with the epidemic that is showing no signs of slowing down. Most of the infections occur in men as they do not practice safe sex and have multiple partners. They spread the disease to women who, in turn, spread the disease to their children.  

HIV cases have been detected in other African areas such as Sudan and Khartoum. The number of cases ranged between 0.3 percent and 0.5 percent in 2006. With the exception of Sudan, all other epidemics in other regions are comparatively small. The primary reasons for HIV transmission in these regions are practicing unsafe sex and use of contaminated needles for illicit drug use. In fact, the Islamic region of Iraq has the highest number of HIV patients due to illicit drug use.

Hence, we see that the situation in these regions is grim and the governments should take effective measures soon to stop the spread of disease in their own regions and other countries.

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