Metaphysics or rather, its branch “natural philosophy”, was the answer to scientific questions before modern science made its entrance.   

Aristotle, the Greek philosopher has contributed to metaphysics. It is his metaphysics hat has been divided into three parts – ontology, theology and universal science.  However, at that time he called it “first philosophy”.  Aristotle got it from his teacher Plato’s theory of forms.  However, according to Aristotle, it was Thales of Miletus, the pre-Socratic Greek philosopher who was the fist metaphysician.  Bertrand Russell states that Western philosophy starts with Thales.  His first principle of the beginning of the world was that of moisture. This was his concept of the Arche or the source.  Anaximene and Anaximander, also Miletians also held this view. Thales understood cosmos to be rational as it had a harmonious structure.
Parmenides of Elea believed in a single eternal entity or “Being” which was manifested in the existing things.  Their altering forms and actions were all one with the Being.  This was the Parmenidean theory that “all is one”.  He is, therefore, said to be one of the founders of metaphysics.

Aristotle considered metaphysics to be the “queen of science” and it was in existence much before his time. However, subjects which were said to be metaphysical have been removed from it and many other topics have been added to it.  This is one science that is constantly changing and evolving. 

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